Although numerous construction methods exist for Cleanrooms, adherence to the standards outlined in ISO 14644-1, ISO 14698-1, and FED STD 209E is mandatory for all manufacturers. Modular and portable cleanrooms are sometimes custom-designed to facilitate testing facilities. When orchestrating cleanroom construction, several crucial factors must be taken into account according to IQS:
1. Surfaces:
Cleanroom surfaces must be smooth, impervious, and devoid of features that can harbor dust or microorganisms. They should be easily cleanable and accessible. In microelectronic and semiconductor cleanrooms, surfaces must also be free of potential electrostatic discharge (ESD) risks. Surface materials should be resistant to shattering, denting, cracking, and creasing.
2. Floors:
Cleanroom floors are typically constructed of either epoxy resin or PVC. Epoxy resin floors are employed in areas subjected to high mechanical loads due to their superior strength and resistance. They are particularly prevalent in spaces with water or high humidity levels. PVC floors, on the other hand, are more cost-effective and are installed in tile format. They are suitable for low-traffic areas with minimal load-bearing requirements.
3. Equipment:
The selection and placement of equipment within the cleanroom must be carefully considered to ensure optimal functionality and minimal contamination risk.
4. Air Control System:
Efficient air control systems are essential to maintain the desired cleanliness level within the cleanroom environment, including filtration and circulation systems.
5. Number of Personnel:
The number of individuals working within the cleanroom at any given time should be factored into its design to prevent overcrowding and maintain cleanliness standards.
6. Lighting:
Appropriate lighting is crucial for visibility and productivity within the cleanroom while also meeting specific cleanliness requirements.
7. Doors:
Cleanroom doors should be designed to minimize air exchange and contamination entry while providing easy access for personnel and equipment.
8. Viewing Panels:
Transparent viewing panels may be incorporated into cleanroom design to facilitate observation and monitoring without compromising cleanliness.
9. Humidity Control:
Controlled humidity levels are necessary to prevent moisture-related issues and maintain the integrity of sensitive processes and equipment.
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